According to a study in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, men taking beta-carotene supplements had significantly greater NK (key immune cells that have antitumor activity and help fight infections) cell activity compared with those taking placebo.
In a study published in International Journal of Vitamin and Nutrition Research, the inhibitory effects of beta-carotene and vitamin A on precancerous lesions in rats was compared when administered during early promotion of liver cancer.  The incidence and total number of nodules in the liver were significantly decreased in the beta-carotene group compared to the untreated group.  Vitamin A supplemented rats exhibited a lower number of liver nodules but incidence remained at 100 percent.
A study published in contemporary international medicine concluded that women in the highest quintile of beta-carotene intakes had a 22 percent lower risk of coronary heart disease, while men in the highest quintile were 25 percent less likely to suffer from a coronary heart problem

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